We are committed to promote reproducibility and transparency of research findings. For each of our modeling studies, we usually publish the source model codes as a Supplementary Material of the manuscript. We also upload the source mode code files to GitHub before we submit the manuscript. Please refer to the GitHub sites below for source code files of our published models.
In addition, we are dedicated to converting our PK models to web-based interfaces to facilitate applications of our models by a wider scientific community. We also convert our research data to be a web dashboard, so that other researchers can access our research findings easily. Below is a list of our PK model web interfaces and databases with direct URL links and citations.
GitHub at K-State: https://github.com/KSUICCM
GitHub at UF: https://github.com/UFPBPK
Interactive physiologically based pharmacokinetic (iPBPK) models:
1. An iPBPK model for penicillin G in beef cattle and market-age swine
Link: https://pengpbpk.shinyapps.io/pen_g/
Citation: Li M, Gehring R, Riviere JE, Lin Z. (2017). Development and application of a population physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for penicillin G in swine and cattle for food safety assessment. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 107:74-87.
2. An iPBPK model for flunixin in beef cattle and market-age swine
Link: https://pengpbpk.shinyapps.io/Flunixin/
Citation: Li M, Cheng YH, Chittenden JT, Baynes RE, Tell LA, Davis JL, Vickroy TW, Riviere JE, Lin Z. (2019). Integration of Food Animal Residue Avoidance Databank (FARAD) empirical methods for drug withdrawal interval determination with a mechanistic population-based interactive physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (iPBPK) modeling platform: example for flunixin meglumine administration. Archives of Toxicology, 93(7):1865-1880.
3. An iPBPK model for oxytetracycline in market-age sheep and goats
Old Link: https://iccmapp.shinyapps.io/iPBPK/
New Link: https://pbpk.shinyapps.io/OTC_App/
Citation: Riad MH, Baynes RE, Tell LA, Davis JL, Maunsell FP, Riviere JE, Lin Z. (2021). Development and application of an interactive physiologically based pharmacokinetic (iPBPK) model to predict oxytetracycline tissue distribution and withdrawal intervals in market-age sheep and goats. Toxicological Sciences, 183(2):253-268.
4. An iPBPK model for meloxicam in broiler chickens and laying hens
Link: https://pbpk.shinyapps.io/Meloxicam/
Citation: Yuan L, Chou WC, Richards ED, Tell LA, Baynes RE, Davis JL, Riviere JE, Lin Z. (2022). A web-based interactive physiologically based pharmacokinetic (iPBPK) model for meloxicam in broiler chickens and laying hens. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 168:113332.
5. An iPBPK model for penicillin G, flunixin, and florfenicol in beef cattle and swine
Link: https://pbpk.shinyapps.io/igPBPKApp/
Citation: Chou WC, Tell LA, Baynes RE, Davis JL, Maunsell FP, Riviere JE, Lin Z. (2022). An interactive generic physiologically based pharmacokinetic (igPBPK) modelling platform to predict drug withdrawal intervals in cattle and swine. Toxicological Sciences, 188(2):180-197.
6. An iPBPK model for gold nanoparticles in rats
Link: https://pbpk.shinyapps.io/NanoiPBPK/
Citation: Chou WC, Cheng YH, Riviere JE, Monteiro-Riviere NA, Kreyling WG, Lin Z. (2022). Development of a multi-route physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for nanomaterials: a comparison between a traditional versus a new route-specific approach using gold nanoparticles in rats. Particle and Fibre Toxicology, 19(1):47.
7. An igPBPK model for PFAS in beef cattle and dairy cows
Link: https://pbpk.shinyapps.io/igPFAS_PBPK/
Citation: Chou WC, Tell LA, Baynes RE, Davis JL, Cheng YH, Maunsell FP, Riviere JE, Lin Z. (2023). Development and Application of an Interactive Generic Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic (igPBPK) Model for Adult Beef Cattle and Lactating Dairy Cows to Estimate Tissue Distribution and Edible Tissue and Milk Withdrawal Intervals for Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS). Food and Chemical Toxicology, 181:114062.
8. An iPBPK model for microplastics and nanoplastics in mice
Link: https://micro.nanoplastics.pbtk.phhp.ufl.edu/
Citation: Chen CY, Kamineni VN, Lin Z. (2024). A physiologically based toxicokinetic model for microplastics and nanoplastics in mice after oral exposure and its implications to human dietary exposure assessment. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 480:135922.
9. An AI-QSAR model to predict tissue distribution and tumor delivery of nanoparticles in mice
Link: https://nanoqsar.phhp.ufl.edu/
Citation: Mi K, Chou WC, Chen Q, Yuan L, Kamineni VN, Kuchimanchi Y, He C, Monteiro-Riviere NA, Riviere JE, Lin Z. (2024). Predicting tissue distribution and tumor delivery of nanoparticles in mice using machine learning models. Journal of Controlled Release, 374:219-229.
10. An iPBPK model for flunixin in cattle and swine following dermal exposure
Link: https://pbpk.shinyapps.io/dermalFlunixin/
Citation: Wu X, Chen Q, Chou WC, Maunsell FP, Tell LA, Baynes RE, Davis JL, Jaberi-Douraki M, Riviere JE, Lin Z*. (2025). Development of a Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) Model for Flunixin in Cattle and Swine Following Dermal Exposure. Toxicological Sciences, 203(2):181-194.
11. An AI-QSAR model to predict the plasma half-life of drugs in six food-producing animal species
Link: http://qsar.phhp.ufl.edu/
Citation: Wu PY, Chou WC, Wu X, Kamineni VN, Kuchimanchi Y, Tell LA, Maunsell FP, Lin Z*. (2025). Development of Artificial Intelligence-Based Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship Models for Predicting Plasma Half-Lives of Drugs in Six Common Food Animal Species. Toxicological Sciences, 203(1):52-66.
Other pharmacokinetic models:
1. Withdrawal Interval Calculator (WIC)
Link: https://wic.apps.it.ufl.edu/
Citation: Gehring R, Baynes RE, Craigmill AL, Riviere JE. (2004). Feasibility of using half-life multipliers to estimate extended withdrawal intervals following the extralabel use of drugs in food-producing animals. Journal of Food Protection, 67(3):555-60.
Physiological parameters for PBPK modeling in food animals:
Link: https://cafarad.ucdavis.edu/pbpk
Citations:
Lin Z, Li M, Wang YS, Tell LA, Baynes RE, Davis JL, Vickroy TW, Riviere JE. (2020). Physiological parameter values for physiologically based pharmacokinetic models in food-producing animals. Part I: Cattle and Swine. Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 43(5):385-420.
Wang YS, Li M, Tell LA, Baynes RE, Davis JL, Vickroy TW, Riviere JE, Lin Z. (2021). Physiological parameter values for physiologically based pharmacokinetic models in food-producing animals. Part II: Chicken and turkey. Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 44(4), 423-455.
Li M, Wang YS, Elwell-Cuddy T, Baynes RE, Tell LA, Davis JL, Maunsell FP, Riviere JE, Lin Z. (2021). Physiological parameter values for physiologically based pharmacokinetic models in food-producing animals. Part III: Sheep and goat. Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 44(4), 456-477.